![]() ![]() As Th17 cells can be proinflammatory in nature, the equilibrium between effector Th17 and Treg cells is crucial for balancing intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. The mammalian intestinal tract is a highly complex and compartmentalized organ with specialized functions, and is a privileged site for the generation of both peripherally induced regulatory CD4 + T cells (Tregs) and effector Th17 cells. ![]() RORγt plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases-Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis-caused by untoward reactivity of the immune system to the components of the intestinal microbiome. Retinoic acid–related orphan receptor (ROR)-γt, the master transcription factor of the Th17 subset of CD4 + Th cells, is a promising target for treating a host of autoimmune diseases.
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